The term "punk" was first used in relation to rock music by some American critics in the early 1970s.
Some of the most famous bands credited with the creation of 'punk' are bands like the Ramones, the sex pistols, the clash and the damned. Their lyrics were satirical and anti-establishment with many bands self-producing recordings, this is known as a 'DIY' ethic. The music was fast paced with more shouting than singing. The songs they wrote were almost always about the state of government or war.
Punk was more than a genre of music but also how many people identified themselves. The stereotype was negative, known for violence and rioting mostly stemmed from how the musicians would play and be in the public eye. For example, Sid vicious of the sex pistols had a very negative reputation from numerous assaults, drug use and allegedly stabbing his girlfriend.
As this image shows, punk fashion was mostly black with leather jackets and studs, 'safety pin aesthetic' and Mohawk. Over time, this included excessive tattoos and piercings. 
Punk then split into many sub genres. One of the bigger ones in modern times is known as 'pop-punk' starting with bands like bad religion in the 80's
This paved the way for bands like green day (even though it is debated that they're actually punk-rock) and the offspring in the early 90s to make people interested in punk again but this time with more influence in the mainstream media.
By the very late 90s bands like blink-182, new found glory and sum 41 emerged. These bands are also commonly known as skate punk due to their popularity among skaters and are still incredibly popular today. They're songs focused mainly on a significant other but could also be 'silly' and controversial and their stage presence follows a similar trend
In the mid 2000s this had again split into emo-pop which is where many bands began to straddle the genres, as emo became more popular as a sub culture. This included bands like fall out boy, panic at the disco and paramore. Their music had no specific message but has a reputation for writing songs about depression and mental health. 
A new wave of pop punk groups had sprung up sometime around 2010.'Clash' magazine noted that these groups were "darker and more mature" than those previously. Pop-punk resurfaced in the form of bands like the story so far, the wonder years and neck deep.
